پژوهشی
Mansor Zarra Nezhad; Ebrahim Anvari
Abstract
In recent decades adopting unreasonable monetary and fiscal policies and
uncertainty in model-making and analysis of data, has become unsatisfactory in
macro goals. In a new Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE)
model to study Iran economy, uncertainty is modeled as uncertainty about ...
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In recent decades adopting unreasonable monetary and fiscal policies and
uncertainty in model-making and analysis of data, has become unsatisfactory in
macro goals. In a new Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE)
model to study Iran economy, uncertainty is modeled as uncertainty about the true
structural parameters that characterize the economy. In particular, the policymaker
does not know the true numerical values nor the statistical distribution of the fiscal
and monetary policy. The model considers the dependence of Iran economy to oil
export. Oil sector and oil export revenues have been modeled as a separate sector
and one of the government budget resources, respectively. Like in other New
Keynesian DSGE model, firms face nominal rigidities and the intermediate-good
sector is monopolistically competitive. Impulse response function of shocks show
that non-oil output increases in response to productivity, oil revenues, money growth
rate and government expenditure shocks. The finding shown that a policymaker that
follows a control approach under uncertainty sets interest rates less aggressively to
react against fluctuations in inflation or the output gap than in the case of absence of
uncertainty. Model uncertainty has the potential to change importantly how
monetary and fiscal policy should be conducted, making it an issue that can not be
ignore. In main result, policy performance can be improved if the discretionary
policymaker implements an optimum policy in the model. In effect, a fear of modeluncertainty can act similarly to a commitment mechanism. When there is uncertainty
about the persistence of inflation, it is optimal for policy makers to respond more
aggressively to shocks than if the parameter were known with certainty, since the
avoid bad outcomes in the future.
پژوهشی
Farzaneh Nassirzadeh; Amin Rostami
Abstract
Appraising the profitability of the companies is very important in the decisions of
financial information users. In this study, the relationship between modern liquidity
indexes and cash flow ratios with profitability (financial and market-based
measures) are examined.
This study includes 108 companies ...
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Appraising the profitability of the companies is very important in the decisions of
financial information users. In this study, the relationship between modern liquidity
indexes and cash flow ratios with profitability (financial and market-based
measures) are examined.
This study includes 108 companies of Tehran Stock Exchange during ٢٠٠١-٢٠٠٩.
The statistical method used to test the hypothesis is panel data approach; and three
models (based on the dependent variables) are estimated for each hypothesis. The
results show that modern liquidity indexes and cash flow ratios have correlation with
together but they have different information contents and they can not be substitutes
for each other and presenting both of ratios together will provide better results. In
addition the results from testing hypothesis show that modern liquidity indexes and
cash flow ratios (except the CFOTCL) have significant association with all
profitability measures (Financial and market-based measures) and can present a
good picture of profitability and firms return.
پژوهشی
Saeid Eisazadeh; Zeinab Shaeri
Abstract
Banking system is one of the important sections in the economy. In economies those
stock exchange and other financial intermediaries are inefficient this rule is vital. In
this regard the efficiency of banking system should be mentioned in the economy.
This paper examines empirically the effect of ...
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Banking system is one of the important sections in the economy. In economies those
stock exchange and other financial intermediaries are inefficient this rule is vital. In
this regard the efficiency of banking system should be mentioned in the economy.
This paper examines empirically the effect of macroeconomic stability on efficiency
in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) banking industry for the years 1995 to
2008 by Using panel data method. We use bank level data to study the efficiency of
banks in MENA countries and provide possible explanations for the difference in the
efficiency levels of banks. We find that banks, on average, could save 20 percent of
their total costs if they were operating efficiency. Through the stochastic frontier
approach (SFA) method we measure the cost efficiency of different banks in MENA
including Iranian banks. Then we investigate the impacts of macroeconomic State
on the efficiency level of banking industry. In this study are as inflation rate and
GDP per capita. The findings show that, the stability macroeconomic stability has
increased efficiency during the period of study.
پژوهشی
Ashkan Rahimzadeh; Mahmood Hoshmand; Ehsan Fazle Elahi
Abstract
This subject is important for economic decisions that can be effective monetary
policy (Anticipated and Unanticipated Liquidity) in resolve of output shortage?
The aim of this paper analyses the effective factors on economic growth in Iran by
Using time series methods and in (1978-2008) period endogenous ...
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This subject is important for economic decisions that can be effective monetary
policy (Anticipated and Unanticipated Liquidity) in resolve of output shortage?
The aim of this paper analyses the effective factors on economic growth in Iran by
Using time series methods and in (1978-2008) period endogenous growth model.
Results show that the ratio of private investment to real GDP(-1), ratio of
government investment to real GDP(-1), the effective labor growth and anticipated
Liquidity growth have a positive effect on economic growth. But the effect of
unanticipated Liquidity growth on economic growth isn’t significant.
پژوهشی
Hosein Asgari alouj; Nahid Maleki Nia; Azam Ghezelbash
Abstract
This research is about the efficiency of the banking system in small and medium
enterprises on the development of cooperation with (DEA)4. The question of this
Research is that: is the efficiency of commercial banks more than specialized banks
in job creation of the cooperative sector through facility ...
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This research is about the efficiency of the banking system in small and medium
enterprises on the development of cooperation with (DEA)4. The question of this
Research is that: is the efficiency of commercial banks more than specialized banks
in job creation of the cooperative sector through facility payment to small and
medium enterprises?To answer, a sample consisting of nine operating banks in Ardabil province was
selected and theix efficiency was calculated by using DEA method, constant returns
to scale (CRS)1, variable returns to scale (VRS)2, decreasixy returns to scale (IRS)3,
decrease returns to scale (DRS)4 models and optimization models (input shaft and
output shaft). The Survey results show the average efficiency of commercial banks
are more than specialized banks with constant returns to scale, variable returns to
scale, increasing returns to scale, decreasing returns to scale models. The average
efficiency of banking system with variable returns to scale are more than the
average efficiency of banking system with constant returns to scale.
پژوهشی
Shamsollah Shirinbakhsh; Amini Toktam; Javad Harati
Abstract
In this paper the effect of government size on social welfare (HDI) with using of
time series data in period 1990-2006 in 52 countries as well as, a panel model is
investigated.
Human development index (HDI) is calculated with average of three indices: Life
Expectancy Index, Education Index and GDP ...
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In this paper the effect of government size on social welfare (HDI) with using of
time series data in period 1990-2006 in 52 countries as well as, a panel model is
investigated.
Human development index (HDI) is calculated with average of three indices: Life
Expectancy Index, Education Index and GDP Index. In addition, two variables of
government consumption expenditures as a share of GDP and government
investment expenditures as a share of GDP for calculating variable of size of
government are used. The impact government consumption and investment
expenditures on the HDI with using of two separate equations and a panel model
with fixed effects are estimated.
Results suggested that government consumption and investment expenditure has a
positive and significant effect on the HDI, but it reduced over time. In addition, the
impact of a change in government investment expenditures takes longer to be fully
realized than does the impact of a change in government consumption expenditures,
such that half of the full impact of a change in government consumptionexpenditures on HDI is realized within 2.06 years, and half of the full impact of a
change in government investment expenditures is realized within 2.15 years.
پژوهشی
Mahdavi Aadeli Mohammad Hossein; Ali Kazemi; Shirin Feiz Mohammadi
Abstract
Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays a crucial role in the economic literature,
especially in developing countries. It is also an important factor for policy makers to
analyze the relation between foreign direct investment and other important economic
variables. One of these variables is export which ...
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Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays a crucial role in the economic literature,
especially in developing countries. It is also an important factor for policy makers to
analyze the relation between foreign direct investment and other important economic
variables. One of these variables is export which is always mentioned in Iran's
economic development programs.
In this study, the relation between foreign direct investment and export (with the
separation of oil exports, non-oil exports and total exports) between the years 1974
To 2009 has been analyzed by using cointegration method.
The results showed a positive relation between foreign direct investment term-short
a and profitability and intensity advertising en.costs ng between relation positive
the used we study optimizationsand non-oil exports in short-term. While the
relationship between foreign direct investment and total exports and oil exports are
negative. In the long-term, Although the relation between FDI and total exports and
also non-oil exports is negative, the relation between FDI and oil exports is positive.
پژوهشی
Majed Delavare Delavare; Sajad Basir
Abstract
To day reaching a high economic growth rate is one of the main and
important aim of any economic system. Today the economists accept that
economic stability is a necessary issue, but is not enough for the economic
growth, while economic instability is one of the main elements, which
restrict economic ...
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To day reaching a high economic growth rate is one of the main and
important aim of any economic system. Today the economists accept that
economic stability is a necessary issue, but is not enough for the economic
growth, while economic instability is one of the main elements, which
restrict economic growth. The aim of this research is analysis of the effect of
stability index of economy on economic growth in the country and to reach
the mentioned aim Spain has been used.
The main results obtained are as follows : The effect of real Budget Deficit
ratio to GDP on economic growth rate at the time of study (1973-2006)on
short and long run is negaitive and meaningful. The effect of inflation and
exchange rate has negative impact on the economic growth of Iran during
the study the short and long run .During the study the effect of government
consumption expenses ratio to GDP on economic growth is negative and
finally the effect of government Investment expenses to GDP on economic
growth is positive.In as much the effect each of three indexes economical
instability on economic growth of Iran has been negative and the result show
پژوهشی
Pourebadollahan Covich Mohsen; Hossein Asgharpur; Firouzi Fallah; Hassan Abdi
Abstract
Regarding the importance and high proportion of Iranian Manufacturing Industries'
export in nonoil export basket, and their impact on economic growth, it is essential
that effective factors on the Manufacturing Industries' export be investigated. This
paper investigates the impact of human capital ...
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Regarding the importance and high proportion of Iranian Manufacturing Industries'
export in nonoil export basket, and their impact on economic growth, it is essential
that effective factors on the Manufacturing Industries' export be investigated. This
paper investigates the impact of human capital on the export of Iranian industries,
using a panel data set of 2-digit ISIC manufacturing industries, over the period 2000-
2007.
Using the number of workers with higher education degree (as a proxy for human
capital), the results show that human capital, manufacturing value added and
nominal exchange rate have positive and significant effects on the export of the
manufacturing industries. In addition, the domestic demand of manufacturing goods
and terms of trade have significant negative effects on these industries export.
Therefore, any effort to expand the higher education is highly recommended.
