international trading
Hamidreza Arbab; Ali Maziki; Navid Khalilazar
Abstract
The rapid rise of digital currencies, most notably Bitcoin, has fundamentally reshaped global commerce, offering decentralized, secure, and efficient mechanisms for conducting financial transactions. This study investigates the specific impact of Bitcoin on e-commerce in Iran, focusing on key perceived ...
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The rapid rise of digital currencies, most notably Bitcoin, has fundamentally reshaped global commerce, offering decentralized, secure, and efficient mechanisms for conducting financial transactions. This study investigates the specific impact of Bitcoin on e-commerce in Iran, focusing on key perceived factors such as trust and cybersecurity, and potential of e-commerce. The research aims to explore how Bitcoin's decentralized nature influences the perceived reliability of transactions, the perceived risks associated with cybersecurity, and the perceived potentials of e-commerce in Iran. This study adopts a mixed-method approach, utilizing both quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders in the Iranian e-commerce and cryptocurrency sectors. Over 100 participants actively involved in digital commerce were surveyed, with data analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the relationships between Bitcoin adoption and perceived trust, security, potential of e-commerce. Findings reveal that not only using Bitcoin presents significant opportunities for enhancing trust and improving transaction efficiency, but also provides new potentials in terms of perceived cybersecurity and traditional e-commerce. These insights are crucial for businesses and policymakers in Iran seeking to navigate the complexities of integrating Bitcoin into the country’s burgeoning e-commerce sector.
international trading
Hamidreza Arbab
Abstract
Economic growth, as one of the most important indicators of a country’s economic performance, reflects a sustained increase in the level of welfare and is influenced by a set of macroeconomic variables. The present study investigates the dynamic effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade ...
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Economic growth, as one of the most important indicators of a country’s economic performance, reflects a sustained increase in the level of welfare and is influenced by a set of macroeconomic variables. The present study investigates the dynamic effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade openness on economic growth and energy consumption in Iran over the time period from 1990 to 2023. The research methodology is based on the ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) approach, with the following variables under investigation: Gross Domestic Product (GDP), energy consumption, foreign direct investment, trade openness index, oil rents, inflation rate, and exchange rate. The main findings of the study indicate that foreign direct investment, the trade openness index, and oil rents have positive and statistically significant impacts on economic growth in both the long-run and short-run (with smaller coefficients in the short-run). Additionally, FDI and trade openness exert a stimulating (positive and significant) effect on energy consumption in the long-run, although this impact is weaker in the short-term. Control variables such as inflation rate and exchange rate also play a significant (negative and meaningful) role in determining the pattern of energy consumption. Based on these findings, it is recommended that attracting foreign capital and increasing trade openness should be considered among the key strategies for achieving sustainable economic growth and managing energy consumption in Iran. Policymakers should create an enabling environment for attracting foreign investment and facilitating international trade, while simultaneously placing energy consumption management programs on the agenda to strengthen economic growth.
