رزمی رزمی؛ محمدرضا کلائی
چکیده
Economic freedom or individual freedom in doing transaction, exchange and assets transfer, which is obtained from legal channel, have significant effects on economic growth in society with relatively efficient institutions such as property rights security and transaction cost reduction, via motivating and promoting competition. This study investigates the effect of economic freedom on economic growth with due attention to institutional economic literature and use of Lakatuch methodology. Also it recognizes the paths of the relationship between economic freedom and growth. The utilized model is ...
بیشتر
Economic freedom or individual freedom in doing transaction, exchange and assets transfer, which is obtained from legal channel, have significant effects on economic growth in society with relatively efficient institutions such as property rights security and transaction cost reduction, via motivating and promoting competition. This study investigates the effect of economic freedom on economic growth with due attention to institutional economic literature and use of Lakatuch methodology. Also it recognizes the paths of the relationship between economic freedom and growth. The utilized model is the combination of Winhold dynamic model (1993) and Carlsson and Lundstrom model (2001) that study 57 countries during 2000-2006. Also in order to studying these countries exactly, it classifies countries to three categories: Low, middle and high institutional quality. The result shows positive relationship between economic freedom and growth with due attention to efficiency of exist institutions in society. Two sub-index, "property rights security and legal structure" and "laws of labor and credit market and business" of Fraser Economic Freedom whole index that have been selected as economic freedom representation, have positive and significant effect on economic growth. This confirms initial hypothesis that shows importance of institutions in each society.
Keywords: Economic Freedom, Economic Growth, Property Rights, Institutional Environment, Institutional Arrangement, Transaction Cost, Size of Government, Sound Money, Legal Structure
رزمی رزمی؛ لطفعلی اذری
چکیده
Transportation sector creates interconnections between different economic sectors, so it is a very important infrastructural sector. Due to the services of this sector, economic resources in far away areas are utilized, production and distribution costs reduce and economic development is strengthened. Because of these reasons, investment in this sector is increasing day by day. Investment in transportation sector includes, land, rail, and marine ways and supply of transportation means. Unofficial economic activities, (UEA) form an important part of economic activities in many countries today. ...
بیشتر
Transportation sector creates interconnections between different economic sectors, so it is a very important infrastructural sector. Due to the services of this sector, economic resources in far away areas are utilized, production and distribution costs reduce and economic development is strengthened. Because of these reasons, investment in this sector is increasing day by day. Investment in transportation sector includes, land, rail, and marine ways and supply of transportation means. Unofficial economic activities, (UEA) form an important part of economic activities in many countries today. These activities have a big share in economy and have a notable impact on other economic parts, indices and activities. This article tries to recognize various types of UEA activities in transportation sector of Khorasan Razavi Province, (KRP). Estimation of size, value added and job creation of UEA Forms the other parts of the article. In the first step, the share of transportation sector in provincial economic accounts will be discussed. Evaluation of its share in family budget of province is the nest step. Then different components of transportation activities in KRP will be introduced. Estimation of size of unofficial transportation activities in KRP through the above in information would be the next step. Finally, the article will be ended by the discussion about value added and creation of unofficial transportation activities. Keywords: Transportation, Unofficial activities, volume of activities, Value
